European River Lamprey: An Ecologically Vital Fish In European Freshwater Ecosystems
The European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) is a unique and ecologically important fish found in freshwater habitats across Europe. Its elongated, eel-like body and toothless mouth distinguish it from other fishes. As parasitic feeders, adults attach to other fish to draw blood, while ammocoetes (larval stage) filter-feed on microorganisms. The lamprey’s life cycle is complex, involving spawning, metamorphosis, and long lifespan. Habitat loss, pollution, and other human activities pose threats to lamprey populations, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect this keystone species and ensure its ecological integrity.
